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The overall concept of using EVs as flexible storage seems simple and convincing: There are countless cars spread out throughout our cities, moving during rush hour but idle most of the day. With modern cars having battery capacities from 50 up to 100 kWh, this sums up to vast amounts of battery storage being available for supporting electricity grids and shifting energy demand towards times of renewable surplus generation. But what sounds like a low hanging fruit in theory faces a lot of practical barriers: How to coordinate all those cars in an efficient manner? Does it affect the lifespan of the batteries? And most importantly, is there actually a viable business model for both fleet owners and energy industry? Focussing on the latter question, this report investigates potential business opportunities in three distinctive case studies: from PV self-consumption optimisation at a company headquarter in Austria, peak shaving for better grid stability in the city […]

Seit 2016 erforscht das unabhängige Forschungsinstitut Salzburg Research Methoden und Technologien für den sicheren Betrieb von automatisierten Shuttles in regionalen Mobilitätssystemen. In dem Beitrag werden die Rahmenbedingungen für automatisiertes Fahren in Österreich, die Voraussetzungen für Testfahrten auf öffentlichen Straßen, die Rolle der ersten bzw. letzten Meile im öffentlichen Personennahverkehr sowie die Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen von Salzburg Research aus dem Testbetrieb mit einem automatisierten Shuttle in der Gemeinde Koppl (Salzburg) erörtert. eundi_6_2024_praxisundwissen_zankl_endHerunterladen

As a major component of riding comfort, surface roughness has a significant impact onpeoples’ decision to ride bicycles. Riding comfort is most commonly derived from accelerationsmeasured by inertial measurement units (IMUs). However, roughness metrics from different worksare not directly comparable as no ‘benchmark data’ exists. This work aims at alleviating this problemby comparing several well-established methods from literature on the same data. Furthermore,to quantify the effect of different sensor systems, for each test run data from both a smartphoneand an industrial grade IMU were collected. To compare the derived roughness measurements,the reliability and stability of each sensor-method combination is calculated using non-parametricstatistics. The results indicate handlebar mounted smartphones to be sufficient for surface roughnessassessment. Furthermore, the selected roughness calculation method has the biggest impact on resultingassessments, above the impacts of both sensor and analyzed segment length. Based on the results,recommendations for surface roughness assessment are provided in the conclusion.

[…] Röthler (Werdedigital.at) discussed human ideas and how they are changing in the wake of artificial intelligence. left to right: Matteo Carmignola (Vice Rector for Teaching at the Pädagogischen Hochschule Salzburg), Ralf Hillebrand (Salzburger Nachrichten), Sarah Fitterer (artist and researcher), David Röthler (Werdedigital.at) and Siegfried Reich (lecturer and researcher at the Salzburg Research Forschungsgesellschaft) Application in the present and future: Workshops with active participation On the second day, the participants deepened their knowledge in interactive small-group workshops on topics such as “AI and Democracy,” “ChatGPT and the Church,” “Artificial Intelligence in Care,” and much more. Salzburg Research was present with the European Digital Innovation Hub (EDIH) “Crowd in Motion” and discussed with interested parties the topic “Fair AI Data in Tourism: Trends, Examples and Challenges for New Tourism Communication and Culture.” The conference “Artificial Intelligence between Innovation and Responsibility” was a joint event of WerdeDigital.at, ARGE Salzburger Erwachsenenbildung und Netzwerk Bildungsberatung Salzburg, and St. Virgil Salzburg.

Rebound effects are an increasing challenge in the areas of environmental, energy and resource management. The GReVity project is developing measures to counteract the rebound effect in virtual mobility. Acceptance and relevance analyses are carried out in order to develop recommendations for action and thus counteract rebound effects in the best possible way.

Field of study: Computer Science | Duration: 6 months Advertisement as PDF The Mobility & Transport Analytics research group of Salzburg Research Forschungsgesellschaft processes huge amounts of GNSS position data from vehicles to derive traffic parameters such as speed values or travel times referenced on Austrians official transport graph called the Graph Integration Platform (GIP). Travel times are further stored and aggregated to traffic statistics. The process involves several batch jobs for daily data generation, periodical export into a central data storage and finally the data processing task calculating the data sets on the GIP data model for the relevant time period using the cluster processing framework Apache Spark. During the last years, stream processing frameworks like Apache Flink gained a large momentum. This thesis aims at an evaluation, if the existing process could be optimized or even replaced using patterns, tools, and frameworks from the stream processing domain instead of the currently used cluster […]

Field of study: Computer Science, Mathematics, Data Science | Duration: 6 months Advertisement as PDF The Mobility & Transport Analytics research group of Salzburg Research is working on a prediction model for the energy demand of battery-electric buses (BEB) in public transportation service within the OptiChargE project. The model builds on operational and movement data of the BEBs, weather data, topology and road network information, and energy consumption data from the operation of seven BEBs on two bus routes in Salzburg. The energy demand prediction will be part of an all-in-one software solution for optimising vehicle and charging schedules with respect to charging capacities and electricity pricing while ensuring a reliable public transport service. The scope of this thesis is to develop and evaluate a generalized energy demand model for public transport BEBs that is able to predict the energy demand for arbitrary bus routes where no consumption data is available yet. This will enable […]

Abstract Der 5G-Standard verspricht durch technische Neuerungen einige Vorteile, wie größere Übertragungsraten und geringere Latenzzeiten, weshalb die 5G-Technologie auch für viele Anwendungsbereiche in der Geoinformatik vielversprechend ist. Wie sich der Mehrwert in der Forschungspraxis bemerkbar macht, wird auch in den beiden Forschungsprojekten „5G-MOBiS“ und „5G-EXPS“ untersucht. Anhand von ausgewählten Anwendungsfällen werden in diesem Beitrag Methoden und Ergebnisse vorgestellt, um Mobilfunkdaten datenschutzkonform aufzubereiten, automatisierte Verkehrssteuerung zu optimieren, große Datenmengen in inter­aktive 5D-Webkartenanwendungen zu integrieren sowie 5G-Versuchsnetze und Messwerkzeuge zu entwickeln. Aufbauend auf den präsentierten Ergebnissen wird der Mehrwert von 5G für diese Anwendungen diskutiert.

People, products and machines are on the move and increasingly wirelessly connected. This enormous dynamic offers new opportunities for business and society. With Motion Data Intelligence, Salzburg Research makes the movement of people and things measurable, links them reliably, develops algorithms for meaningful analyses and thus increases added value and efficiency. The research group Mobility & Transport Analytics collects and analyses traffic data. Among other things, the possible applications of various sensors in the cycling sector are being researched. In order to train the neural network (“artificial intelligence”), LiDAR point clouds of traffic situations are to be recorded, annotated and analysed using a special research bicycle. We are looking for an intern (f/d/m) for this: 2-month summer internship30 hours per week or by arrangement Job advertisment (PDF – in German) Your responsibilities Your Qualifications Depending on qualifications, the monthly salary for the internship is at least EUR 1,863 gross for full-time (38.5 hours/week) in accordance […]

Salzburg Research is testing a LiDAR-based traffic observation system at a complex intersection in the city of Salzburg. The goal: more safety for vulnerable road users. At complex intersections in inner-city traffic, there is an increased safety risk for vulnerable road users, such as cyclists or pedestrians. In the city of Salzburg, some risky intersections with multiple cycle paths have been identified. A LiDAR-based traffic observation system is currently being tested at the intersection of Sterneckstraße and Linzer Bundesstraße. A customized 3D smart monitoring system, consisting of LiDAR sensors and high-quality 3D perception software, captures real-world conditions and interactions at the intersection. This system provides precise and high-frequency data on all traffic movements in large volumes. The focus is on specific and complex interactions between vehicles and vulnerable road users. The LiDAR data ensures anonymity and provides open access for analysis. Salzburg Research develops methods to analyze the behavior of road users and dangerous conflict […]

Efforts to advance Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) have taken on a central role in research and development in recent years and will have a significant influence on road traffic in the future. Research on AVs has mainly focused on the technology itself and the direct users of AVs and their acceptance. However, the role of bicyclists, interacting with AVs in traffic, is not yet researched as thoroughly. Using a mixed methods approach, we combine quantitative results from a survey among bicyclists (N = 889) and qualitative results from a focus group (N = 19) to give insights into bicyclists’ attitudes and expectations towards self-driving cars. The results showed that bicyclists’ affinity for technology is a significant predictor for both their trust and perceived safety towards self-driving cars, as well as an effect of age and gender on these variables. Both from the quantitative and qualitative results, it is clear that flawless functioning of the technology of […]

[…] new method for objective bicycle vibration measurement,” Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, vol. 56, pp. 415-425, 2015. J. Gao, A. Sha, Y. Huang, L. Hu, Z. Tong and W. Jiang, “Evaluating the cycling comfort on urban roads based on cyclists’ perception of vibration,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 192, pp. 531-541, 2018. J. Y. M. Nuñez, D. R. Bisconsini and A. N. Rodrigues da Silva, “Combining environmental quality assessment of bicycle infrastructures with vertical acceleration measurements,” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, vol. 137, pp. 447-458, 2020. S. Kranzinger and S. Leitinger, “Eine Bestimmung der Oberflächenqualität von Fahrradinfrastruktur durch Smartphone-Beschleunigungsdaten mithilfe des k-means++-Algorithmus,” AGIT ‒ Journal für Angewandte Geoinformatik, pp. 104-116, 2021. K. Zang, J. Shen, H. Huang, M. Wan and J. Shi, “Assessing and Mapping of Road Surface Roughness based on GPS and Accelerometer Sensors on Bicycle-Mounted Smartphones,” Sensors, vol. 18, 2018. G. W. Corder, Nonparametric Statistics, Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley, 2014.

On the IdeaSpace ideas platform, ideas can take shape and innovations can flourish. With the creativity and innovative ideas of the community, sustainable solutions for the challenges of tomorrow are created. Salzburg Research has further developed the existing idea platform “Open Innovation Salzburg” and given it a new look. In the new IdeaSpace , companies, organisations and municipalities are asking for the collective intelligence of the community in the tried and tested manner. By means of Open Innovation, traditional approaches to innovation are broken down by integrating external know-how from those affected and creative people outside the organisation into the innovation process from the very beginning. The collective intelligence and different perspectives from different walks of life of these many different people lead to an inexhaustible reservoir of fresh ideas and approaches to solutions. This democratic approach to innovation not only promotes community involvement and engagement, but also opens up a wide range of thinking […]

Open innovation methods have the potential to tackle complex challenges by involving diverse stakeholders and end-users. This paper contributes to better understand the use and benefit of co-creation methods for systematic modelling the complex interactions and mechanisms in an e-mobility innovation ecosystem by drawing on the case of shared energy procurement. In this newly emerging field novel technical solutions, business models, and the integration of various stakeholder perspectives is highly required. Thus, this work explores the use of three different co-creation instruments starting with a systematic analysis and visualisation of the different actors, roles, activities, and risks involved. Based on this, end-users were invited in an idea competition to think about their needs and propose ideas on how they can best benefit from being part of such an ecosystem. All these results were shared and evaluated with experts and stakeholders and used to develop common value propositions for such a new ecosystem.We found that taking […]

Cycling is an important component for achieving national and European climate goals. This is why Germany, Austria and Switzerland are pushing for the rapid expansion of the cycle path network. In cramped road conditions, however, safe cycling guidance becomes a challenge. A transnational consortium under the leadership of Salzburg Research is investigating not only objective safety but also the subjective perception of safety and is developing evidence-based recommendations. In cramped road conditions, especially in critical cross-sections with lane widths of only six to 8.5 metres, conflicts and incidents with the various road users increase. Overtaking manoeuvres with little distance, so-called “dooring” accidents with parked vehicles, but also conflicts with pedestrians when cyclists swerve into the side space are inevitable. Although the regulations in the DACH region contain recommendations for the guidance of cyclists on such stretches of road, they are handled very differently. New solution options such as overtaking bans, protective lanes, bicycle pictogram chains […]

[…] Alpbacher Technologieforum 2023, Alpbach Module “Europe in the World Days” August 29th, 2023 This year’s Alpbach motto (“Bold Europe”) suggests that Europe must contribute to shaping the world with more courage. In this workshop we argue that a bold Europe needs bold people. We ask ourselves questions like: How can we define “boldness” (or “courage”) or, how can we attract, develop and then retain these talented people? Moderator: Siegfried Reich, Salzburg Research Siegfried Reich Managing Director and Head of Research, Salzburg Research Forschungsgesellschaft Welcome: Gabriele Ambros, president Forschung Austria und CEO Verlag Holzhausen Gabriele Ambros President of Forschung Austria Panel Dr. Irmela Kofler Scientist and area manager in low carbon energy systems at the competence centre K1-met Univ.-Prof. Dr. Christof Gattringer President FWF – the Austrian Science Fund Antje Kückemanns PHR development at Headquarters of Fraunhofer Gesellschaft And three representatives from the Alpbach scholarship programm: Bahara Muradi Kiyesola Kolawole Andrea Scherer Irmela Kofler Christof Gattringer

Most works on graph neural networks (GNNs) for traffic speed prediction assume near-complete data and little variance of base speed levels. However, both assumptions do not necessarily hold true for network-wide probe vehicle data (PVD). Therefore, we applied two state-of-the-art GNNs to sparse PVD from a road network with highly varying speed levels and to dense motorway data for comparison. We introduce two methods to adapt preexisting GNNs for improved prediction performance: normalization of speed values with respect to the base speed levels of different roads led to significant improvements of prediction performance on both datasets. Using the number of observations supporting each speed value as an additional input feature can improve prediction performance. Furthermore, we identified characteristics of data and models encouraging the use of either method. As no fitting dataset to evaluate these approaches was found, a novel dataset derived from PVD is introduced. It features sparse speed values and underlying numbers of […]

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